CPA Exam Lab
All patterns
Governmental

The Fund Picker

Follow the money's customer: outsiders mean enterprise, other departments mean internal service, held for others means fiduciary.

How the exam words it

The playbook

  1. 1Sort into the three categories: governmental (general, special revenue, capital projects, debt service, permanent), proprietary (enterprise, internal service), and fiduciary (pension trust, private-purpose trust, custodial).
  2. 2Proprietary test: enterprise funds charge external customers; internal service funds bill other departments of the same government.
  3. 3Fiduciary funds hold resources for parties outside the government and are excluded from the government-wide statements.
  4. 4Permanent funds keep the corpus and spend income for the government's own programs; if the beneficiaries are outside the government, it is a private-purpose trust instead.

The trap

Classifying a city utility that bills residents as an internal service fund. External customers make it an enterprise fund; internal service funds serve other departments.

How the exam varies it

The same pattern, re-skinned along these axes:

Which fund category and typeWho benefits: external customers, internal departments, or outside partiesFund-level accounting versus inclusion in government-wide statements

Drill this pattern

8 questions of The Fund Picker from across the AUD topics. Clear it by getting 5 right with a streak of 3.

Shows up in 1 FAR topic