CPA Exam Lab
All patterns
Governmental

The Modified Accrual Switch

Governmental funds run on modified accrual: revenue when measurable and available (60 days), capital outlay as an expenditure, and no depreciation.

How the exam words it

The playbook

  1. 1Pick the lens: governmental funds use modified accrual and current financial resources; government-wide and proprietary statements use full accrual and economic resources.
  2. 2Revenue is recognized when measurable and available, meaning collected within the year or within 60 days after year-end.
  3. 3Capital purchases are capital outlay expenditures in the funds (no asset, no depreciation); the asset and depreciation appear only government-wide.
  4. 4Bond proceeds are other financing sources in the funds, and interest is an expenditure when due, not accrued.

The trap

Recognizing the full tax levy as revenue. Under modified accrual only amounts collected during the year or within 60 days after year-end are available and recognized.

How the exam varies it

The same pattern, re-skinned along these axes:

Fund statements versus government-wide treatmentRevenue (the 60-day rule) versus capital outlay versus debtWhich fund type applies which basis

Drill this pattern

8 questions of The Modified Accrual Switch from across the AUD topics. Clear it by getting 5 right with a streak of 3.

Shows up in 1 FAR topic